The Transformative Role of Indigenous Birth Workers in Promoting Indigenous Family Well-being: A Decolonial Approach


Jaclyn Tompalski, Carleton University

This article examines the invaluable role of Indigenous birth workers in reducing adverse outcomes and promoting the well-being of Indigenous families while simultaneously functioning as cultural actors. Drawing on transformative justice and decolonization frameworks, this study explores how these birth workers dedicate additional time, resources, and emotional support to families, often adopting the role of "auntie" within their clients inner circle. By providing enhanced support to parents, encompassing respite, healthy postpartum meals, emotional guidance, and cultural connection, Indigenous birth workers exemplify the principles of transformative justice and decolonization, effectively setting Indigenous families on a path towards success. Furthermore, the article highlights the transformative shift in approach away from traditional Western models, which primarily provide support to Indigenous families only when child and family services involvement becomes necessary. This research employs a qualitative methodology grounded in the personal experiences and expertise of the author, a full-spectrum Indigenous doula and graduate student. The theoretical framework is informed by principles of transformative justice, which aims to challenge oppressive systems, and decolonization, which seeks to dismantle colonial structures and restore Indigenous autonomy. The main argument of this article centers on the significant contributions of Indigenous birth workers in supporting Indigenous families and promoting the overall well-being of Indigenous children and youth. By offering additional time, resources, and emotional support, as well as incorporating cultural practices and traditions, Indigenous birth workers create a nurturing and empowering environment for families during the perinatal period (and beyond). This approach not only has the potential to enhance positive health outcomes but also fosters a sense of cultural pride and resilience within Indigenous communities. Indigenous birth workers engage in the decolonial process by rejecting the insular model of the Western nuclear family and instead prioritizing community-based child-rearing. The article concludes that recognizing and supporting the role of Indigenous birth workers is crucial for addressing the existing health inequities within Indigenous communities. Their impact on Indigenous families can be maximized by acknowledging their unique cultural knowledge and expertise, integrating them into mainstream healthcare systems, and providing appropriate resources and compensation. Moreover, this transformative approach challenges the dominant Western biomedical model and aligns with the principles of social equity, justice, and the promotion of Indigenous child, youth, and family rights. The relevance of this article lies in its contribution to the session theme "Race and Health: Social Determinants of Health, Social Equity, and Justice" within the field of social sciences. It sheds light on the interrelationship between racism, the health outcomes of Indigenous families, and the instrumental role of Indigenous birth workers in addressing health inequities. By emphasizing how Indigenous birth workers embody transformative justice and decolonization principles, this research adds to the understanding of how racism perpetuates avoidable and unjust health disparities. Furthermore, it underscores the need to challenge systemic racism and invest in community-based approaches that prioritize cultural safety and Indigenous self-determination. Doing so could support long-term desirable outcomes for Indigenous families while supporting Indigenous autonomy and self-determination. Collaboration and community engagement in the research process are foundation elements of desire-based Indigenous research. Presenting this ongoing research to members within and outside our communities would surely benefit from colleague and audience insights.

This paper will be presented at the following session: